Wednesday, May 27, 2020

Presentation of Truth in the Film The Thin Blue Line - 1375 Words

Presentation of Truth in the Film The Thin Blue Line (Essay Sample) Content: Students NameProfessors NameCourseDatePresentation of Truth in the Film The Thin Blue LineErrol Morris's exclusive documentary The Thin Blue Line positions a captivating, yet provocative true story detailing the arrest and successful conviction of Randall Adams for the murder of a police officer stationed in Dallas in 1976. The film has received credence with overturning the conviction of Adams for a murder case, a crime that he agonized a death verdict. Briefly, the film re-enacts the crime scene alongside the investigation of concerning the murder of Robert Wood, a police officer. On the storyline, the film features Adams and his 16-year-old brother, David Harris, going out at night where they smoked some marijuana, took alcoholic drinks, and later went to watch pro-soft movies. Adams contended that he departed from the moteland proceeded for a night rest, unlike Harris, who observes that law enforcement officer stopped them late night, and Adams abruptly gunshot at the policeon noticing their van. Further, Morris shows the police substantiation, who fell for undue pressure to conclude the case. In the event, it points out that the conditional evidence was insubstantial. Even though the polices evidence served to sentence Adams to death, the truth of the matter exposed in the film shows that Harris was more likely to be a suspect for the reason that he was in the midst of crime spree.In the process of presenting the murder charges against Adams, the director strongly refutes the initial judgment and encourages the audience that Adams was above suspicion. The conclusion of the film, consequently, served to reveal the truth concerning Adams innocence. This truth depicted at the concluding scenes of the movie reflects the interpretation of the director based on the evidence presented. Nevertheless, he successfully satisfies the audience that Adams suffered an unjust sentence, where he gains the audience attention. In light of this, Morris evidenc es that the audience had shown the inclination to assent to his points of view concerning the innocence of Adams (Dwyer n.pag). Eventually, the film provides a framework that allows the audience to acknowledge that it is always challenging to ascertain the truth. Thus, it is unreasonable to accept simply the matter filed as evidence as a proof of the truth, as the preceding suit on murder case assumed.A number of circumstances in the film shows the voice of Morris as an unyielding belief that the police alongside the prosecution-imagined evidence through an edited testimony while overturning vital documents and engineered a case that fell short of prosecution threshold. The family of Morris conceived that Adams remained unfairly targeted and presented as a rambler who drank beer, smoked marijuana, and used a minor conduct his activities. On the epicenter of the prosecutions objectionable depiction of Adams, the documentary reveals, the defense lacked witnesses, unlike the prosecutio n that assembled multiple. In addition to that, information describing Harris uncertain and unwarranted past stayed disregarded in the court. Instead, the prosecution presented unreliable witness testimony. Morris presents a clear truth that the conviction of Adams was unfair as he uncovers numerous facets of a mistrial and underprivileged police investigation. Certainly, the filmmaker shows Adams as an individual the prosecution required to pursue the true killer for conviction.A close examination of the documentary film reveals that the most crucial and persistent nature of truth reflects Morriss belief that human imperfection is the major impediment in occluding reality. In some instances, the fallibility is inoffensive, yet it can be a catastrophic human error. As Morris details, human error provides a platform for atrocities to occur, individuals suffered undesirable torture and scapegoated, and finally receive death sentence rows. Given the above circumstance, the film focuses on revealing the truth based on the persistently flawed interior services of his participants rather than describing objective certainties themselves (Dwyer n.pag). Assertively, the audience notices that the film ends up revealing a holistic and factual argument, appearing as a secondary byproduct of the dubious judicial system, which grounds its judgment on a fictitious testimony. Even if the does not assure that truths are contingent on or irreversibly lost in the past, in some occasions, it may boil down to individual human judgment, bias, error, and covering up a serious matter that needs thorough investigation.As Dwyer observes, the unfolding events in The Thin Blue Line stem from a scenario where Morris conducts interviews with a solitary objective in mind to demonstrate that Randall Adams was innocent of the charges, and his unfair trial was unfortunate (n.pag). Morris estimates to prove to the latter, that after recurrent legal proceedings, there was a need for providing n ew evidence on the case. In fact, some of the crucial documents the filmmaker had exhumed during his investigation supplemented with videotaped interviews offered a platform for the release of Adams after serving 12 years of his life sentence. As shown, Morris developed an interest in the case by chance, when he was quizzing prisoners who remained behind the bars, and could kill again if released. The process of uncovering the truth on the matter commenced when Morris supposed that Adams was innocent of the murder charges and corresponding life sentence penalty. To that extent, he began to research on the transcripts and documents of the mistrial and settled on his individual investigation files. As he carried on with the cross-examination of various data sets, he established that the District Attorney of Dallas, Henry Wade alongside his assistant Douglas Mulder, had full knowledge of the realistic discrepancies offered via the testament of David Harrison. As Adams observed in the d ocumentary, Harris accounts of the day Wood died from a gunshot was consistently different with two hours.In furtherance of the above, the film depicts that Adams and Harris went out to a drive-in movie theater together, shortly after the shooting occurred; apparently, part of the legal investigation would have factored checking the schedule of the theater. The report provided by Mulder shown that the timings Harris provided were inaccurate, at least considering the screening times, nevertheless, they inhibited essential data in the proceedings. In a bid to reveal the tr... Presentation of Truth in the Film The Thin Blue Line - 1375 Words Presentation of Truth in the Film The Thin Blue Line (Other (Not Listed) Sample) Content: Studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Name Professorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Name Course Date Presentation of Truth in the Film The Thin Blue Line Errol Morris's exclusive documentary The Thin Blue Line positions a captivating, yet provocative true story detailing the arrest and successful conviction of Randall Adams for the murder of a police officer stationed in Dallas in 1976. The film has received credence with overturning the conviction of Adams for a murder case, a crime that he agonized a death verdict. Briefly, the film re-enacts the crime scene alongside the investigation of concerning the murder of Robert Wood, a police officer. On the storyline, the film features Adams and his 16-year-old brother, David Harris, going out at night where they smoked some marijuana, took alcoholic drinks, and later went to watch pro-soft movies. Adams contended that he departed from the moteland proceeded for a night rest, unlike Harris, who observes that law enforcement officer stopped them late night, and Adams abruptly gunshot at the policeon noticing their van. Further, Morris shows the police substantiation, who fell for undue pres sure to conclude the case. In the event, it points out that the conditional evidence was insubstantial. Even though the policeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s evidence served to sentence Adams to death, the truth of the matter exposed in the film shows that Harris was more likely to be a suspect for the reason that he was in the midst of crime spree. In the process of presenting the murder charges against Adams, the director strongly refutes the initial judgment and encourages the audience that Adams was above suspicion. The conclusion of the film, consequently, served to reveal the truth concerning Adamsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ innocence. This truth depicted at the concluding scenes of the movie reflects the interpretation of the director based on the evidence presented. Nevertheless, he successfully satisfies the audience that Adams suffered an unjust sentence, where he gains the audience attention. In light of this, Morris evidences that the audience had shown the inclination to assent to his points of view concerning the innocence of Adams (Dwyer n.pag). Eventually, the film provides a framework that allows the audience to acknowledge that it is always challenging to ascertain the truth. Thus, it is unreasonable to accept simply the matter filed as evidence as a proof of the truth, as the preceding suit on murder case assumed. A number of circumstances in the film shows the voice of Morris as an unyielding belief that the police alongside the prosecution-imagined evidence through an edited testimony while overturning vital documents and engineered a case that fell short of prosecution threshold. The family of Morris conceived that Adams remained unfairly targeted and presented as a rambler who drank beer, smoked marijuana, and used a minor conduct his activities. On the epicenter of the prosecutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s objectionable depiction of Adams, the documentary reveals, the defense lacked witnesses, unlike the prosecution that assembled multiple. In addition to that, information describing Harrisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ uncertain and unwarranted past stayed disregarded in the court. Instead, the prosecution presented unreliable witness testimony. Morris presents a clear truth that the conviction of Adams was unfair as he uncovers numerous facets of a mistrial and underprivileged police investigation. Certai nly, the filmmaker shows Adams as an individual the prosecution required to pursue the true killer for conviction. A close examination of the documentary film reveals that the most crucial and persistent nature of truth reflects Morrisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s belief that human imperfection is the major impediment in occluding reality. In some instances, the fallibility is inoffensive, yet it can be a catastrophic human error. As Morris details, human error provides a platform for atrocities to occur, individuals suffered undesirable torture and scapegoated, and finally receive death sentence rows. Given the above circumstance, the film focuses on revealing the truth based on the persistently flawed interior services of his participants rather than describing objective certainties themselves (Dwyer n.pag). Assertively, the audience notices that the film ends up revealing a holistic and factual argument, appearing as a secondary byproduct of the dubious judicial system, which grounds its judgment on a fictitious testimony. Even if the does not assure that truths are contingent on or irreversibly lost in the past, in some occasions, it may boil down to individual human judgment, bias, error, and covering up a serious matter that needs thorough investigation. As Dwyer observes, the unfolding events in The Thin Blue Line stem from a scenario where Morris conducts interviews with a solitary objective in mind to demonstrate that Randall Adams was innocent of the charges, and his unfair trial was unfortunate (n.pag). Morris estimates to prove to the latter, that after recurrent legal proceedings, there was a need for providing new evidence on the case. In fact, some of the crucial documents the filmmaker had exhumed during his investigation supplemented with videotaped interviews offered a platform for the release of Adams after serving 12 years of his life sentence. As shown, Morris developed an interest in the case by chance, when he was quizzing prisoners who remained behind the bars, and could kill again if released. The process of uncovering the truth on the matter commenced when Morris supposed that Adams was innocent of the murder charges and corresponding life sentence penalty. To that extent, he began to research on the transcripts and documents of the mistrial and settled on his individual investigation files. As he carried on with the cross-examination of various data sets, he established that the District Attorney of Dallas, Henry Wade alongside his assistant Douglas Mulder, had full knowledge of the realistic discrepancies offered via the testament of David Harrison. As Adams observed in the documentary, Harrisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ accounts of the day Wood died from a gunshot was consistently different with two hours. In furtherance of the above, the film depicts that Adams and Harris went out to a drive-in movie theater together, shortly after the shooting occurred; apparently, part of the legal investigation would have factored checking the schedule of the theater. The report provided by Mulder shown that the timings Harris provided were inaccurate, at least considering the screening times, nevertheless, they inhibited essential data in the proceedings. In a bid to reveal the truth, Morris employed...

Saturday, May 16, 2020

The Digital Designing Of Advertising - 1454 Words

The Digital Designingâ„ ¢ Contest is the first-ever online based national level graphic designers’ competition with the slogan ‘Gear Up Designers’ in Bangladesh. The contest will be followed by an Exhibition and Awarding to promote the designers in the country. The competition would be comprised of creative designing in 5 graphic design disciplines viz Logo creation, Business Card design, Social Media stuff design, Typography and Digital Art. The contest is planned to be held in 3 phases which would be open for the age group between 25 to 35 ending with some workshops and preparing a Digital Designers’ Data bank. It is expected that more than 500 graphic designers will participate in the event whereas about directly 1,000 and indirectly 5,000 stakeholders will be engaged. As the designing Contest is inventive technology based and new in its kind in the country so the event is a big good opportunity to show the innovation and creativity to the spectators. In this digital era life is being explored with the evolved tools of the internet, apps, social networking, so the event is premeditated to encompass creative sketch in all these aspects. This is to note that we have already carried out email and social media campaigns alongside news coverage in favor of the inimitable initiative of the event and it draws a huge attraction among the designers as well as the incumbents. In addition, before final launching the event we will log the Jury Panel and will work for media coverage.Show MoreRelatedThe Product Of The Oreo Product839 Words   |  4 Pagesthe oreo product by the means of social media. In Twitter Oreo started advertising their different sort of products like designing their own packs of Oreo s and linking that to the shopping site. †¢ Pricing of the oreo product s reasonably attract s the customer s in the market. 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Off-page SEO includes all the promotional tactics that you use on the Internet including selecting the right longtail keywords, encouraging customers to share content, buying PPC and other search and online advertising, developing authoritative links to other websitesRead MoreInternet Marketing1291 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Unit 30: Internet Marketing Unit code: D/601/1102 Assignment Brief LEARNING OUTCOMES On successful completion of this unit a learner will: 1 Understand marketing through the internet 2 Be able to use the internet for promotion using digital marketing communications 3 Be able to produce market research to support customer relationship management 4 Be able to design an internet marketing plan. |Learning outcomes: |Assessment criteria for pass: The learner can:Read MoreInternet Marketing1284 Words   |  6 Pagesin Business Unit 30: Internet Marketing Unit code: D/601/1102 Assignment Brief LEARNING OUTCOMES On successful completion of this unit a learner will: 1 Understand marketing through the internet 2 Be able to use the internet for promotion using digital marketing communications 3 Be able to produce market research to support customer relationship management 4 Be able to design an internet marketing plan. |Learning outcomes: |Assessment criteria for pass: The learner can: Read MoreThe Problem of Light Pollution1613 Words   |  7 Pagespollution can have implications for the visual environment, affects human health, creates energy waste and results in undesirable economic consequences. 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A storewide promotion can be more effective when supported by a large advertising campaign to inform consumers in the area about the potential sale. Although this promotional strategy reduces the per unit income for retail stores, the increased sales volume can boost total revenue and inventory turnaround. In addition to balancingRead MorePepsi Marketing Case Study Chapter 141005 Words   |  5 Pages1. Consider PepsiCo’s advertising throughout its history. Identify as many commonalities as possible across its various ad campaigns. How is this campaign consistent with PepsiCo’s brand image? Through all the year they are having slogans about new generation and changing the world. New generation is young generation and Pepsi is for young people or for those who are thinking young. New generation is a choice. I can see expression new generation mentioned a lot of times (1964–1967: Come AliveRead MoreHow Apple Has Improved The Area Of The Details About The Different Types Of Businesses Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesof iPhone 5s. It was available in 31 different countries within a week of release and was available to 100 countries at the end of calendar year. Always Apple was able to conquer each and every aspect of supply chain from the retail store to the designing of new product. Apple’s large demand volumes allows the company to grab high profit margins on its own products. Sales and marketing is another area where Apple has excelled. When Apple iPod was launched in 2000’s Apple has a very innovative and

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis Of Arthur Miller s The Death Of A Salesman

Arthur Miller is one of the most successful and enduring playwrights of the post-war era in America. He focuses on middle-class anxieties since the theme of anxiety and insecurity reflects much of Arthur Miller’s own past. The play addresses loss of identity and a man’s inability to change within him and society (Miller 16). The American Dream has been an idea that has motivated society for centuries. It often times becomes the main theme for many movies, novels, and poems. In, The Death of a Salesman main character Willy Loman decides he wants to make this dream a reality. He soon is faced with this reality when his idea of the American Dream he had been working for turns out to be unattainable. The American dream vision of economic opportunity is available to all those who work for it regardless of race or class. Wily Loman represented the primary target of the dream (Miller 20). Just as most middle-class working people, he struggles to support his family with financ ial security and had dreams about making himself a huge financial success. After years of working as a traveling salesman, he has only an old car, an empty house and defeated spirit. Dysfunctional family tragedy helps to keep the American Dream alive. Linda and Happy work very hard to keep the fantasy of the dream of success alive. Dysfunctional Loman family, the wife is restricted to the role of housekeeping and bolstering her husband’s sense of self-importance and purpose (Miller 60). Linda jugglesShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman 1183 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Alimusa COM 101—FALL 2014 Death of A Salesman Essay Arthur Miller’s play Death of a Salesman offers an instructive example for understanding the production and maintenance of identity through communicative interaction in a family using the character Biff Loman. 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Death of a Salesman is about the tragic white collar worker, Willy Loman, while The Crucible is about the Salem witchRead MoreArthur Miller s Death Of A Salesman1027 Words   |  5 PagesAn Analysis of Tragic Heroism of Biff Loman in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller This literary study will define the tragic heroism of Biff Loman in Arthur Miller’s play The Death of a Salesman. Biff is initially a victim of Willy’s continual harassment to make more money and find a better career. In this family unit, Biff must endure the unrealistic and fantasy-based elusions of his father in his fanatical pursuit of the American Dream. However, Biff soon learns of Willy’s extra-marital betrayalRead MoreQuest For Literary Form : The Greeks Believed That The Tragedy1742 Words   |  7 Pagesof tragedy followed this belief. In the modern times, there has been a change in this view with various authors abandoning the classical form to follow more liberal forms of literacy. 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More so, Hurston’s depiction of Nanny’s own failures inRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1052 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Miller was one of the leading American playwrights in the 20th century. Arthur Miller was born on October 17, 1915 in Harlem New York City to Isidore and Augusta Miller (GradeSaver). After graduating from high school, Miller worked a variety of odd jobs including hosting a radio program; this was before the University of Michigan accepted him. At school, he studied journalism, became the night editor of the Michigan Daily, and began experimenting with theater and writing plays. He lived throughRead MoreAmerican Dream Derailed in The Great Gatsby and Death of a Salesman1486 Words   |  6 Pagesimmigrants came to America searching for new opportunities and a better life. 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The ‘American Dream’ was a set of ideals which suggested that anyone in the US could be successful through hard work, and had the potential to live a happy life. The senseRead MoreImportance Of Modernism In Modern Theatre1042 Words   |  5 Pagesthe 1930-s, while theatrical modernism was only gaining popularity. Consequently, theatri cal modernism is a separate phenomenon in the world of arts with its unique features, history of development, and timeline. Because the traces of modernism are a common situation in modern theatre, it can be useful to identify the intentions of dramatists and their dedication to this philosophical idea. For analyzing the modernism in modern drama, it is necessary to discuss three modern plays (Death of a SalesmanRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1127 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Miller: â€Å"Death of a Salesman† Analysis Willy Loman had been a salesman for all of his life. Although he was a hard worker and kept up with an exhausting schedule, his family always practically lived in poverty and Willy was inferior in his company. He always told his family that they would get the big break he deserved. He had raised two sons, Happy and Biff, to think that life has somehow cheated them and insists that they will get their payback someday. Willy s wife, Linda, lives in denial

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Pay and Performance Effectiveness of Wage

Question: Discuss about the case study Pay and Performance for Effectiveness of Wage. Answer: Introduction Payment to the labors is an effective tool to influence the performance of the workers. Higher pay motivates the workers to perform well and contributing higher output to the organization. This paper will focus on describing effectiveness of pay for the performance initiatives of the workers in order to generate higher production. A consultant of Fair Work Commission, Australia should examine the pay and performance structure of the workers. The paper will provide brief background of this government agency of Australia. Moreover, it will illustrate the economic concepts of labor supply; efficiency wage theory; pay-performance structure; general labor demand and supply. This paper will also relate these key concepts to a specific firm and will try to identify how these concepts can be encountered while implementing Pay Performance Structure. In this report, the recommendation will be provided to influence the performance of the workers through effective pay structure. The operations of the Fair Work Commission commenced on July, 2009 created by Fair Work Act 2009. Fair Work Commission is an autonomous body of Australian government that has power and authority to control and implement provisions regarding the minimum wages and status of employment in the nation. As of July 14, 2016 the Fair Work Commission listed on its website, the functions of this organization also include facilitating good faith; enterprise bargaining; resolving the workplace disputes; dealing unfair termination of labors etc. The Fair Work Act 2009 emphasizes to regulate industrial relations in Australia by creating more national system. Each states of this country hand over some of their industrial relations powersto the Commonwealth. If a state decides to hand over their powers to national industrial system, then all the employees of that state will be covered by the FWA, 2009. As of July 14, 2016 the Fair Work Commission listed on its website dispute applications arising fr om awards; agreements and contracts fell by 13.6% in 2014-2015. However, the disputes arising from lack of general protections and unlawful dismissal of workers have increased by 17.5% in 2014-15("Fair Work Commission" 2015). Table 1: Dispute Applications Type of application 50% of matters 90% of matters 201112 201213 201314 201415 201112 201213 201314 201415 s.739 Application to deal with a dispute lodgment to first conference (days) 15 15 17 16 38 38 Source:"Fair Work Commission" 2015 Table 2: General Protections Disputes due to Dismissal 50% of matters 90% of matters 201112 201213 201314 201415 201112 201213 201314 201415 Lodgment to first conference (days) 26 29 29 31 48 56 59 62 Lodgment to finalization (days)1 35 41 41 37 97 111 106 97 Source:"Fair Work Commission" 2015 In this section, theoretical ideas would be forwarded in order to explain the relationship between pay and the performance of the workers. Economic theories of labor supply and efficiency wage will be discussed. B.1: Labor Supply and Demand Theory Figure 1: Labor Supply Curve Source: Created by Author The labor supply is determined in terms of wage. According to general theory of labor supply, the more is the wage rate the more workers will be willing to join the labor force. As a result of this, the labor supply will increase. Even if the number of labors is not increased, labor supply will increase in terms of effort put by the workers, who are getting higher wage. Moreover, with higher pay, number of working hours might be increased (Jon ad Segrave 2016). Therefore, it indicates positive relationship between the payment and labor supply. Hence, the labor supply curve will be upward sloping. The following diagram can represent the labor supply curve. However, there is another consequence of wage hike. Some workers might not prefer to work once they attain a certain level of wage for their work. If wage rate is increased beyond that level, effort of the workers will not increase and because of this, labor supply will not change. In fact, supply of labor starts to decline after a certain rate of wage, as workers prefer leisure to wage. Such labor supply curve is backward bending (Panos, Polycarpou and Polycarpou 2015). The following diagram represents this scenario. Figure 2: Backward Bending Supply Curve Source: Created by Author The backward bending supply curve can be explained with the help of indifference curve and budget constraint analysis. The workers have two choices; work and leisure. The effect of change in wage rate on labor supply is ambiguous in nature. The effects can be decomposed into two parts: income effect and substitution effect. Substitution effect indicates that as cost of leisure (Wage rate) increases, workers substitute their leisure and prefer to work more. This will increase the labor supply. Hence, this substitution effect is unambiguous and reflects positive effects on labor supply due to rise in wage rate. The income effect indicates that, if leisure is a normal good, then significant increase in income due to increase in wage will lead to increase in leisure as well. This is because; as workers would not like to work after he has achieved a certain wage and prefer leisure to working. This has negative impact on the supply of labor. Figure 3: Income Effect and Substitution Effect Source: Created by Author When wage increases the relative income of the people also increases. Therefore, budget line representing wage will shift from W1 to W2. Therefore, shift from A to B presents income effect and indicates that due to income effect the people work less (negative impact). However, substitution effect is represented by shifting from B to C, i.e. people would work more (positive impact). The Red curve represent backward bending labor supply curve. The demand for labor is negatively related to the wage rate. It is believed that, as the wage is increasing, the cost to the firm will be increased. Therefore, the employers will reduce the number of workers hired. Due to imposition of minimum wage, the demand for labors reduces and this will increase the unemployment of the economy (Jonathan and West 2015). The demand curve can be presented in the following diagram. Figure 4: Labor Demand Curve Source: Created by Author B.2: Efficiency Wage Theory The efficiency wage is the wage rate that is above the market clearing wage rate. Paying the employee a high price, will raise the productivity of the labor. This is because; premium wage will increase the loyalty of the labors and reduce shirking. Hence, even if the companys cost is increasing, they will get higher productivity from their workers in return. This will minimize per unit cost of the firm. In the same way, the wage below the market-clearing rate will lead to employee dissatisfaction and more shirking. This will in turn result into high rate of turnover. The best-known efficiency model is the shirking model, propagated by Shapiro and Sliglitz (Taylor and Taylor 2010).According to this model, high wage can prevent workers from shirking. High wage also increases the costs of shirking, as firm will monitor strictly and penalize the workers if found shirking at the workplace. High wage rate is also associated with the high chance of job loss. If one firm gives premium wage, then other firms will start to follow same trend, as a result of this getting a job will become tough for the people. This will induce them not to shirk in the work. Hence, high wage will lead to better performance of the workers. Other theories have stated that high relative wage to the workers extract the feelings of gratitude from the labors that ultimately lead to high effort levels. Employees reciprocate their loyalty and high performance when the firm offer premium wage to them. This is perceived as gift in exchange. This makes the job attractive than other available jobs. Weiss have opined that low wage firm can only attract the low-ability workers and high-wage firm can attract the high-ability workers. Therefore, efficiency wage models claim that performance of the workers is positively related to the pay structure. Cost of losing a job falls if there is any unemployment benefits (Hamid and Kar 2015). In spite of high penalty for shirking, presence of unemployment benefit can reduce the effort put by the workers. However, efficiency wage can be offered according to the effort of the workers. This implies that existing workers will increase their working hours (increasing the labor supply); they will remain focused on work and will shirk less, in order to get higher wage than market clearing wage. Therefore, higher pay influences the performance positively. From the above discussion, it has been made cleared that; high wage has significant positive impact on the performance of the labor. B.3: Pay-PerformanceStructure The firm can pay an hourly wage to the worker that is known as input-based pay. A firm can also pay workers based on some measure of their performance that is output-based pay. The pay, which is output based, motivate the workers to put more effort. The firms also retain the workers by attracting the base salary. The output based pay structure is combination of base payment and incentive. However, people cannot put effort too much as it causes physical pain; stress etc. when a salary structure is a combination of input based and output based pay, then this is known as mixed salary structure. There are different types of performance pay, such as, incentive pay; merit pay; profit sharing; long-term incentive and performance bonus. Performance can be evaluated based on five properties. These are quantitative measures of performance evaluation. The five ideas are as follows: Rating method: Using this method, the management can rate the performance of the employees based on attendance, daily achievement of job target, dependability and initiative. This method is easy and less costly. Field review: Personnel from HR department of the organization can use this appraisal method to assess employees performance. Comparative assessment: Application of this method has two processes such as ranking based on merit and rating an employee compared to another employee. Rater uses the formula N*(N-1)/2 360-degree feedback: Management collects data on performance of each employee from the stakeholders and peer group. Self-evaluation: A set of objective and descriptive appraisal questions for each employee is prepared. Manager checks employees personal feedback with managers own evaluation. Manager takes decision about improvement of employees performance based on comparative assessment. The qualitative measure of performance evaluation can be useful to evaluate the performance for certain disadvantages of the quantitative measures. For example, in rating methods, ratersmay have biasness towards some employees. Moreover, disadvantage of field review is that, it may not be effective as the work environment is unfamiliar to the HR personnel. Moreover, the personnel may fail to review actual behavior of the employee by observing a few hours. In case of 360-degree feedback, receiving data from different source may have different views, based on which judgment can be difficult. However, quantitative analysis is much fairer than the personal and qualitative analysis, because it ignores the personal judgement and biasedness in most of the case. B.4: Labor Supply When performance is evaluated and payment is given to the workers based on their performance, then they are more motivated to put effort in their work, in regard to earn more. Therefore, the supply of the labors in terms of working hour or effort will increase when the effort and performance is recognized by the management. Relatively high wage, i.e. basic pay along with bonuses, will lead to high supply of labors. Similarly, if the high performing labor is not getting higher return, then they will eventually lower their effort. This will lead to decline in labor supply and their efforts. More labors enter the workforce knowing that their effort will be recognized and they will receive extra payment for that. So, depending on the pay structure, labor supply varies. Pay Structure of Singapore Airlines: This Airline is a reputed competitive commercial aviation business that offers high quality services to the customers. The company considers their employees as assets. SIA provides heavy training to its employees and invests $70 million annually in order to put each of its employees through rigorous training. Hence, hiring cost of this company is too high. As a result of this, the company wants their employees to perform best in the competitive market and monitor strictly on their performance. The cost-leadership strategy of this company induces it to offer lower price to the employees. However, they offer incentive or bonuses up to 50% of the workers salary(Harvard Business Review 2010). Therefore, the efficiency wage is provided to the employees; and hence it is performance-based. However, it is evident that due to some external factors, like SARS Crisis in 2003, Singapore Airlines felt to reduce number of its employees(Radioaustralia.net.au 2012). This represents lack of demand for labor in this firm. Moreover, it has introduced variable component of wage package that would be given according to the performance of the employees. This indicates that SIA kept its basic pay at a lower level. At present also, the pay structure is performance based; however, the high percentage of bonus earning encourages the workers to give their best and improve their performance. Hence, wage offered by SIA and performance of its workers are significantly positively related. Pay Performance Structure of Fair Work Commission, Australia:Fair Work commission of Australia have increased the minimum wage by 2.5% in 2015("Minimum Wage To Be Increased By 2.5Pc, Fair Work Commission Announces" 2015). This is believed that the rise in the minimum wage will motivate the low-level workers to put more effort to improve their performance. However, the problem related to this rise in minimum wage is that increase in minimum wage lead to job losses. This can be understood by applying the theories of labor demand and labor supply. Due to rise in minimum wage, the employers will reduce their demand for labor and workers will like to put more effort because of the high wage. Therefore, the gap between demand and supply of labor would tend to rise. The Small and medium enterprises will be affected by this measure as this might lead to job loss and business closures. Therefore, high pay structure tends to decline the performance of these firms. The more than rise in the min imum wage on the 2016 angered the influential employers and the stated that this might force them to shed workers(Toscano 2016). Unemployment will be created when the wage is set above the market-clearing wage, therefore, it verifies that the theory of efficiency that accepts the fact that high wage increases cost of job-loss. However, employees who are retained will put their best to improve the performance. This will help the company to improve its aggregate performance. In this organization input based pay structure is applied based on performance of the employees. Paying daily or monthly wage is applicable under input based method. Fair Work Commission gives incentive to worker with the increase in sale. According to share value of the organization in the market, shareholders can be paid accordingly. Shareholders would get more dividends if the share value increases in the market. These are parts of output based payment, which is applicable in Fair Wok Commission. It is recommended that the Fair Work Commission of Australia should control the dismissal of workers that is expected to rise due to rise in the minimum wage. Moreover, it has to check that even if the company wants to offer efficiency wage due to their own interest, they must not shed labors unreasonably, as this will hamper the employment scenario of the nation and lead to social unrest. FWC must implement policy to prohibit unlawful labor termination. This is important because; high wage is necessary for improving the performance level but this should not increase unemployment level in the economy. It is also suggested that FWC can implement performance-based wage instead of raising the basic wage for all employees. This will enhance the workers productivity. Conclusion The report has evaluated effective pay for initiating high performance to generate high outputs. It has been evident that high wage is crucial for improving performance but it also increases the unemployment level. It can be concluded that economies theories can be effectively applied by the FWC to monitor the activity of the firms in terms of employment and to take proper measures to avoid disputes among the employers and employees. References "About Us". 2016. FWC Main Site. https://www.fwc.gov.au/about-us. "Fair Work Commission". 2015. 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